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Research suggests that this amnesia is the result of poor coding of the memory of a particular context that precludes poor retrieval of a context-specific memory, except in the case of amnesiacs. This is because content needs to be encoded along with context for the two to be integrated into memory, because poor encoding can be responsible for source amnesia, it is not likely that a person will be able to retrieve a specific source memory in the future if it is not encoded correctly. Procedure: Showing the participant a list of words and evaluating at different time intervals to see if the participant remembers which words were presented and which were not. For example, a 15-word list could be given to a participant to study. The experimenter will test the participant’s knowledge of the list 20 minutes later by presenting the list of studied words randomly mixed with several words. People with this type of amnesia during this test feel “ghostly” feelings of familiarity towards words that are semantically related (eg, candy, sugar, candy) and more often report seeing a word that was not presented during the experiment. Old-new recognition testĭecisions made in the context of this test will be based more on familiarity than on thorough inspection of the contents of the reports. Results: The verbal fluency test can assess damage to the prefrontal lobes, which has been associated with patients suffering from source amnesia. Frontal lobe disorder patients have trouble placing verbal elements in proper sequential order, monitoring personal behaviors, and recent poor judgment. All these behaviors are necessary for the correct recall of the source of a memory. Procedure: Participants are asked to generate words that begin with letters that have been previously presented to them, for example, generate a word that begins with ‘A’ or ‘R’. The goal is to say as many different words as possible that start with the given letter.
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It is a widely used test commonly used to assess frontal lobe dysfunction in patients. Results: Patients suffering from frontal lobe dysfunction and ultimately source amnesia will have a much greater difficulty in completing this task successfully through the strategy method. Older people have been shown to have original amnesia. Compared to younger individuals, in experiments where individuals are presented with obscure or made-up trivial data, older people recall less general information in recall and recognition tasks and often misattribute the source of their knowledge, over long periods of time and short delays. This effect is potentially due to the neuronal loss associated with aging that occurs mainly in the frontal lobes. They have normal recollection of events, but they make far more source memory errors than control subjects, and these effects become apparent as early as 5 minutes after the learning experience . They often mistakenly attribute the knowledge they have to some other source but rarely attribute it to having learned it in the course of the experiment. It appears that frontal lobe damage causes a disconnect between semantic and episodic memory, in the sense that individuals cannot associate the context in which they acquired knowledge with the knowledge itself.